Urutonde runini rwatinze. Umuyobozi mukuru afata ikiruhuko cy'uburwayi

Urutonde runini rwatinze. Umuyobozi mukuru afata ikiruhuko cy'uburwayi. Umukiriya wawe mwiza yohereje ubutumwa bugufi busaba icyifuzo cyagombaga kuwa kabiri ushize. Ninde ufite umwanya wo guhangayikishwa namavuta yo gusiga atemba gahoro gahoro inyuma yaUmuyoboro wa CNC?
Ibi birumvikana. Umuntu wese arahuze, ariko kwirengagiza gufata neza imashini ntabwo ari nko gutwara akazi mugihe umuvuduko winyuma wibumoso uri muke. Igiciro cyo kunanirwa kubungabunga ibikoresho bya CNC buri gihe kandi gihagije kiri hejuru cyane yikiguzi cyateganijwe ariko gitunguranye. Ibi birashobora gusobanura ko uzatakaza igice cyukuri, kugabanya ubuzima bwibikoresho, kandi birashoboka ibyumweru byigihe cyo guteganya igihe utegereje ibice biva mumahanga.
Kwirinda byose bitangirana numurimo umwe woroshye ushobora gutekereza: guhanagura ibikoresho kumpera ya buri mwanya. Ibi nibyo Kanon Shiu, injeniyeri w’ibicuruzwa na serivisi muri Chevalier Machinery Inc. i Santa Fe Springs, muri Californiya, yavuze ko yinubira ko abafite ibikoresho byinshi by’imashini bashobora gukora neza kuri uyu mushinga w’ibanze wo kubungabunga urugo. Ati: "Niba udasukuye imashini, byanze bikunze bizatera ibibazo".
Kimwe nabubatsi benshi, Chevalier ishyiraho flush hoseimisaraninaibigo bitunganya. Ibi bigomba kuba byiza gutera umwuka wugarije hejuru yimashini, kuko iyanyuma ishobora guhanagura imyanda nto hamwe nibihano mukarere. Niba ifite ibikoresho nkibi, imiyoboro ya chip hamwe nu mukandara wa convoyeur bigomba guhora bifunguye mugihe cyo gukora imashini kugirango birinde kwirundanya. Bitabaye ibyo, chip zegeranijwe zishobora gutuma moteri ihagarara kandi ikangirika mugihe utangiye. Akayunguruzo kagomba guhanagurwa cyangwa gusimburwa buri gihe, nkuko isafuriya yamavuta ikata amazi.

Shiu yagize ati: "Ibi byose bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo twihutisha kuzamura imashini no kongera gukora igihe amaherezo ikeneye gusanwa." Ati: “Tugeze kuri icyo kibanza kandi ibikoresho byari byanduye, byadutwaye igihe kinini kugira ngo tubisane. Ni ukubera ko abatekinisiye bashobora gusukura ahafashwe mugice cya mbere cyuruzinduko mbere yuko batangira gusuzuma ikibazo. Igisubizo ntabwo ari igihe gikenewe, kandi birashoboka ko bizatwara amafaranga menshi yo kubungabunga. ”
Shiu arasaba kandi gukoresha amavuta ya skimmer kugirango akureho amavuta atandukanye mumasafuriya yimashini. Ni nako bimeze kuri Brent Morgan. Nka injeniyeri usaba muri Castrol Lubricants i Wayne, muri Leta ya New Jersey, yemera ko gusimbuka, gufata neza amavuta ya peteroli, no gukurikirana buri gihe urwego rwa pH hamwe n’ibipimo by’amazi yo gukata bizafasha kuramba kwa coolant, ndetse nubuzima y'ibikoresho byo gukata ndetse n'imashini.
Ariko, Morgan iratanga kandi uburyo bwogukata bwamazi bwogukoresha bwitwa Castrol SmartControl, bushobora kugira ingaruka kumubare w'amahugurwa ayo ari yo yose ashaka gushora imari muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
Yasobanuye ko SmartControl yatangijwe “hafi umwaka.” Yatunganijwe ku bufatanye n’uruganda rukora inganda Tiefenbach, kandi rwagenewe cyane cyane amaduka afite sisitemu nkuru. Hariho uburyo bubiri. Byombi bikomeza gukurikirana amazi yo gukata, kugenzura ubunini, pH, ubwikorezi, ubushyuhe, nigipimo cy umuvuduko, nibindi, kandi ubimenyeshe uyikoresha mugihe umwe muribo akeneye kwitabwaho. Iterambere ryinshi rishobora guhita rihindura zimwe murizo ndangagaciro-niba isomye intumbero nkeya, SmartControl izongeramo intumbero, nkuko izahindura pH wongeyeho buffers nkuko bikenewe.
Morgan yagize ati: "Abakiriya bakunda sisitemu kuko nta kibazo kijyanye no guca amazi neza". “Ugomba kugenzura gusa urumuri rwerekana kandi niba hari ibintu bidasanzwe, nyamuneka fata ingamba zikwiye. Niba hari umurongo wa interineti, uyikoresha arashobora kuyikurikirana kure. Hariho na disiki ikomeye ishobora gukiza iminsi 30 yo guca amateka yo kubungabunga amazi. ”
Urebye imigendekere yinganda 4.0 hamwe na enterineti yinganda yibintu (IIoT), sisitemu zo kurebera kure ziragenda zimenyekana. Kurugero, Kanon Shiu wo muri Chevalier yavuze iMCS yisosiyete (Sisitemu yubumenyi bwubwenge). Kimwe na sisitemu zose, ikusanya amakuru ajyanye nibikorwa bitandukanye bijyanye ninganda. Ariko icyangombwa kimwe nubushobozi bwayo bwo kumenya ubushyuhe, kunyeganyega ndetse no kugongana, bitanga amakuru yingirakamaro kubashinzwe kubungabunga imashini.
Umusore Parenteau nawe ni mwiza cyane mugukurikirana kure. Umuyobozi ushinzwe ubwubatsi bwa Methods Machine Tools Inc, Sudbury, Massachusetts, yerekanye ko kugenzura imashini ya kure bituma abayikora ndetse n’abakiriya bashiraho umurongo ngenderwaho w’ibikorwa, ushobora noneho gukoreshwa n’ubwenge bw’ubukorikori bushingiye kuri algorithms kugira ngo hamenyekane inzira ya elegitoroniki. Injira kubungabunga ibiteganijwe, nubuhanga bushobora guteza imbere OEE (imikorere yibikoresho muri rusange).
Parenteau yagize ati: "Amahugurwa menshi kandi menshi akoresha porogaramu yo gukurikirana umusaruro kugira ngo yumve kandi anoze neza uburyo bwo gutunganya." Ati: “Intambwe ikurikiraho ni ugusesengura imiterere yimyambarire, impinduka zumutwaro wa servo, ubushyuhe buzamuka, nibindi mumibare yimashini. Iyo ugereranije izo ndangagaciro n'indangagaciro mugihe imashini ari shyashya, urashobora guhanura ibinyabiziga bitagenda neza cyangwa ukamenyesha umuntu ko icyuma kizunguruka kigiye kugwa. ”
Yagaragaje ko iri sesengura ari inzira ebyiri. Hamwe n'uburenganzira bwo kubona imiyoboro, abakwirakwiza cyangwa abayikora barashobora gukurikirana abakiriyaCNC, nkuko FANUC ikoresha sisitemu yayo ya ZDT (zero downtime) kugirango ikore igenzura ryubuzima bwa kure kuri robo. Iyi mikorere irashobora kumenyesha abayikora kubibazo bishobora kubafasha kumenya no gukuraho inenge yibicuruzwa.
Abakiriya badashaka gufungura ibyambu muri firewall (cyangwa kwishyura amafaranga ya serivisi) barashobora guhitamo gukurikirana amakuru ubwabo. Parenteau yavuze ko nta kibazo gihari, ariko yongeraho ko abubatsi ubusanzwe bashoboye kumenya neza ibibazo byo kubungabunga no gukora hakiri kare. Ati: "Bazi ubushobozi bwimashini cyangwa robot. Niba hari ikintu kirenze agaciro kateganijwe mbere, birashobora gukurura byoroshye gutabaza kugira ngo berekane ko ikibazo kiri hafi, cyangwa ko umukiriya ashobora gusunika imashini cyane. ”
Ndetse hatabayeho kugera kure, kubungabunga imashini byoroheje kandi byubuhanga kuruta mbere. Ira Busman, visi perezida wa serivisi zabakiriya muri Okuma America Corp. i Charlotte, muri Carolina y'Amajyaruguru, atanga urugero nk'imodoka n'amakamyo. Ati: "Mudasobwa y'imodoka izakubwira byose, kandi muri moderi zimwe na zimwe, izanategura gahunda yo kubonana n'umucuruzi kuri wewe". “Inganda zikoreshwa mu mashini zirasigaye inyuma muri urwo rwego, ariko humura, zigenda mu cyerekezo kimwe.”
Iyi ni inkuru nziza, kubera ko abantu benshi babajijwe kuriyi ngingo bahuriza ku kintu kimwe: akazi k'iduka ryo kubungabunga ibikoresho ubusanzwe ntabwo gashimishije. Kubafite ibikoresho bya mashini ya Okuma bashaka ubufasha buke muri iki gikorwa kibabaza, Busman yerekanye Ububiko bwa sosiyete. Itanga widgets ziteganijwe kwibutswa kubungabunga, kugenzura no kugenzura ibikorwa, kumenyesha amakuru, n'ibindi. Yavuze ko kimwe n’abakora ibikoresho byinshi by’imashini ndetse n’abakwirakwiza, Okuma igerageza gukora ubuzima hasi mu iduka byoroshye bishoboka. Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, Okuma irashaka kuyigira “ubwenge bushoboka.” Nka sensor ya IIoT ikusanya amakuru kubyerekeranye na moteri, moteri, nibindi bikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imikorere yimodoka yasobanuwe mbere iregera ukuri mubikorwa byo gukora. Mudasobwa ya mashini idahwema gusuzuma aya makuru, ikoresheje ubwenge bwubukorikori kugirango umenye igihe hari ibitagenda neza.
Ariko, nkuko abandi babigaragaje, kugira urufatiro rwo kugereranya ni ngombwa. Busman yagize ati: “Iyo Okuma ikora spindle kuri imwe mu musarani cyangwa mu mashini zayo, dukusanya ibiranga kunyeganyega, ubushyuhe, no gutemba biva muri spindle. Noneho, algorithm mumugenzuzi irashobora gukurikirana izo ndangagaciro kandi iyo igeze ahabigenewe Igihe nikigera, umugenzuzi azamenyesha uwukora imashini cyangwa yohereze impuruza kuri sisitemu yo hanze, ababwira ko umutekinisiye ashobora kuba agomba kuba yazanwe. ”
Mike Hampton, impuguke mu guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwa Okuma nyuma yo kugurisha, yavuze ko ibishoboka bya nyuma - kumenyesha sisitemu yo hanze - bikiri ikibazo. Ati: “Ndagereranya ko ijanisha rito gusa ryaImashini za CNCbahujwe na interineti ”. Ati: “Nkuko inganda zigenda zishingiye ku makuru, ibi bizaba ikibazo gikomeye.
Hampton yakomeje agira ati: "Kwinjiza 5G hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya selile birashobora kunoza ibintu, ariko biracyashaka cyane cyane cyane abakozi ba IT mu bakiriya bacu - kwemerera kugera ku mashini zabo." Ati: “Mu gihe rero Okuma n'andi masosiyete bifuza gutanga serivisi zinoze zo gufata neza imashini no kongera itumanaho n'abakiriya, guhuza amakuru biracyari inzitizi ikomeye.”
Mbere yuko uwo munsi utaragera, amahugurwa arashobora kongera igihe hamwe nibice byujuje ubuziranenge mugutegura ubuzima busanzwe bwibikoresho byayo ukoresheje inkoni za cue cyangwa sisitemu ya laser. Ibi nibyo Dan Skulan, umuyobozi mukuru wa metero y’inganda muri West Dundee Renishaw, muri Illinois, yavuze. Yemeranya nabandi babajijwe kuriyi ngingo ko gushyiraho ibyingenzi hakiri kare ubuzima bwigikoresho cyimashini nikintu gikomeye muri gahunda yo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Gutandukana kwose kuribanze birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango umenye ibice byashaje cyangwa byangiritse hamwe nuburyo butari kurwego. Skulan yagize ati: "Impamvu ya mbere ituma ibikoresho by'imashini bitakaza aho bihagaze ni uko bidashyizweho neza, bikaringanijwe neza, hanyuma bikagenzurwa buri gihe". Ati: “Ibi bizatuma imashini zujuje ubuziranenge zikora nabi. Ibinyuranye, bizatuma imashini ziciriritse zitwara nkimashini zihenze cyane. Nta gushidikanya ko kuringaniza ari byo bihendutse kandi byoroshye gukora. ”
Urugero rugaragara ruva mubucuruzi bwimashini muri Indiana. Mugihe washyizeho verticale yimashini, injeniyeri ya progaramu yaho yabonye ko ihagaze nabi. Yahamagaye Skulan, wazanye imwe muri sisitemu ya ballbar ya QC20-W.
“X-axis na Y-axis yatandukanijwe na santimetero 0.004 (0,102 mm). Igenzura ryihuse hamwe n'ipima ryemeje ko nkeka ko imashini itari ku rwego ”, Skulan. Nyuma yo gushyira umupira wumupira muburyo bwo gusubiramo, abantu babiri buhoro buhoro bakomeza buri nkoni ya ejector kugeza igihe imashini iringaniye rwose kandi aho ihagaze iri muri 0.0002 ″ (0.005 mm).
Imipira ikwiranye cyane no kumenya vertical hamwe nibibazo bisa, ariko kubwindishyi zamakosa zijyanye nukuri kwimashini za volumetric, uburyo bwiza bwo gutahura ni laser interferometer cyangwa kalibatori nyinshi. Renishaw itanga sisitemu zitandukanye, kandi Skulan arasaba ko zigomba gukoreshwa ako kanya imashini imaze gushyirwaho, hanyuma igakoreshwa buri gihe ukurikije ubwoko bwo gutunganya bwakozwe.
Ati: “Dufate ko ukora ibice bya diyama byahinduwe kuri telesikope ya James Webb, kandi ugomba gukomeza kwihanganira muri nanometero nkeya”. “Muri iki gihe, urashobora gukora igenzura mbere yo gukata. Kurundi ruhande, iduka ritunganya ibice bya skateboard wongeyeho cyangwa ukuyemo ibice bitanu birashobora kubaho hamwe namafaranga make; ku bwanjye, ibi nibura rimwe mu mwaka, mu gihe imashini yatunganijwe kandi ikabungabungwa ku rwego. ”
Umupira wumupira uroroshye gukoresha, kandi nyuma yimyitozo imwe, amaduka menshi arashobora no gukora kalibrasi ya laser kumashini zabo. Ibi ni ukuri cyane kubikoresho bishya, ubusanzwe bishinzwe gushyiraho indishyi zimbere muri CNC. Ku mahugurwa afite umubare munini wibikoresho byimashini na / cyangwa ibikoresho byinshi, software irashobora gukurikirana kubungabunga. Ku bijyanye na Skulan, iyi ni Renishaw Central, ikusanya kandi ikanategura amakuru yo muri software yo gupima laser ya sosiyete ya CARTO.
Ku mahugurwa adafite umwanya, amikoro, cyangwa adashaka kubungabunga imashini, Hayden Wellman, visi perezida mukuru wa Absolute Machine Tools Inc. i Lorraine, muri leta ya Ohio, afite itsinda rishobora kubikora. Kimwe nabagabuzi benshi, Absolute itanga urutonde rwibikorwa byo kubungabunga, kuva umuringa kugeza ifeza kugeza zahabu. Absolute kandi itanga serivisi zingingo imwe nkindishyi zamakosa yamakosa, guhuza servo, hamwe na laser-ishingiye kuri kalibrasi no guhuza.
Wellman yagize ati: "Ku mahugurwa adafite gahunda yo kubungabunga ibidukikije, tuzakora imirimo ya buri munsi nko guhindura amavuta ya hydraulic, kugenzura imyuka ihumeka, guhindura icyuho, no kureba urwego rw'imashini." Ati: "Ku maduka abikora wenyine, dufite lazeri zose hamwe nibindi bikoresho bikenewe kugirango ishoramari ryabo rikore nkuko byateganijwe. Abantu bamwe babikora rimwe mu mwaka, abantu bamwe babikora gake, ariko icy'ingenzi ni uko babikora kenshi. ”
Wellman yasangiye ibintu bimwe na bimwe biteye ubwoba, nko kwangirika kwumuhanda uterwa no kugabanya umuvuduko wamavuta, hamwe no kunanirwa kuzunguruka kubera amazi yanduye cyangwa kashe yambarwa. Ntabwo bisaba gutekereza cyane kugirango uhanure ibisubizo byanyuma byo kunanirwa kubungabunga. Icyakora, yerekanye ikibazo gikunze gutungura ba nyiri amaduka: abakora imashini barashobora kwishyura imashini zidakorwa neza kandi bakayitegura kugirango bakemure ibibazo bihuza kandi byukuri. Wilman yagize ati: "Amaherezo, ibintu biba bibi ku buryo imashini ihagarika gukora, cyangwa ikibi kurushaho, uyikoresha arareka, kandi nta muntu ushobora kumenya uko yakora ibice byiza". Ati: “Ibyo ari byo byose, amaherezo bizazana ibicuruzwa byinshi mu iduka kuruta uko bahoraga bakora gahunda nziza yo kubungabunga.”