Kugura umusarani: ibyingenzi | Amahugurwa ya kijyambere

Imisarani yerekana bumwe muburyo bwa kera bwo gutunganya, ariko biracyari byiza kwibuka ibyibanze mugihe uteganya kugura umusarani mushya.
Bitandukanye na mashini yo gusya ihagaritse cyangwa itambitse, kimwe mubintu byingenzi biranga umusarani ni ukuzenguruka kumurimo ugereranije nigikoresho. Kubwibyo, umusarani akazi bakunze kwitwa guhinduka. Kubwibyo, guhindukira ni uburyo bwo gutunganya bukoreshwa mu gukora ibice bizunguruka. Ubusanzwe umusarani ukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye diameter yumurimo wakazi kugeza mubunini bwihariye, bityo bikabyara ubuso bunoze. Ahanini, igikoresho cyo gukata izegera ibizunguruka kugeza igihe bitangiye gukuramo hejuru iyo bitangiye kugenda neza kuruhande (niba igice ari igiti) cyangwa ubuso bwose (niba igice ari ingoma).

Nubwo ushobora kugura imisarani igenzurwa nintoki, imisarani mike ntabwo igenzurwa na CNC muri iki gihe. Iyo ifite ibikoresho byikora byifashisha ibikoresho (nka tarret), umusarani wa CNC byitwa neza ko uhindura ikigo.Ibigo bihindura CNCKugira ubunini butandukanye nimirimo, uhereye kubintu byoroheje bibiri-axis yimisozi yimuka gusa muri X na Y, kugeza kuri byinshi bigoye-axisibigoirashobora gukemura ibintu bine bigoye guhinduranya, gusya, no gusya. Gucukura, gukanda no gucukura umwobo urambiranye - igikorwa kimwe gusa.
Umusarani wibanze-axis ebyiri zirimo umutwe, umuzenguruko, igikoma cyo gutunganya ibice, umusarani, igare hamwe nigitambambuga gitambitse, icyuma cyumurizo. Nubwo imisarani myinshi ifite umurizo wimukanwa kugirango ushyigikire iherezo ryakazi, ariko kure ya chuck, ntabwo ibikoresho byose byimashini bifite ibikoresho nkibi bisanzwe. Nyamara, umurizo ufite akamaro kanini mugihe igihangano ari kirekire kandi cyoroshye. Muri iki kibazo, niba umurizo udakoreshejwe, birashobora gutera "ch crack", ugasiga ibimenyetso bigaragara hejuru yikigice. Niba idashyigikiwe, igice ubwacyo gishobora kuba cyoroshye kuko igice gishobora kuba cyunamye cyane kubera igitutu cyibikoresho mugihe cyo gutema.
Mugihe uteganya kongeramo umurizo nkuburyo bwogukora umusarani, ntugomba gusa kwita kubikorwa biriho, ariko nanone witondere akazi kazaza. Niba ushidikanya, nyamuneka shyiramo umurizo mugiciro cyambere cyo kugura imashini. Iki gitekerezo kirashobora gukiza ibibazo nibibazo byo kwishyiriraho nyuma.
Nubwo amashoka yingendo akenewe angana gute, mugihe cyo gusuzuma kugura umusarani uwo ariwo wose, iduka rigomba kubanza gusuzuma ingano, uburemere, ubunini bwa geometrike, bisabwa neza, hamwe nibikoresho byibice byatunganijwe. Umubare uteganijwe mubice muri buri cyiciro ugomba no gusuzumwa.
Ingingo isanzwe yo kugura imisarani yose nubunini bwa chuck kugirango ibe yakenewe ibice bisabwa. Kuriibigo, diameter ya chuck mubusanzwe iri hagati ya santimetero 5 na 66, cyangwa nini. Iyo ibice cyangwa utubari bigomba kwaguka binyuze inyuma ya chuck, umuzingo munini unyuze mu mwobo cyangwa ubushobozi bwumurongo ni ngombwa. Niba ibisanzwe binyuze mu mwobo bitaba binini bihagije, urashobora gukoresha igikoresho cyimashini cyateguwe hamwe na "diameter nini".
Ibikurikira byingenzi byerekana ibipimo bihinduka cyangwa diameter ntarengwa. Igishushanyo cyerekana igice gifite diameter nini ishobora gushyirwaho muri chuck kandi irashobora gukomeza kuryama kuburiri utayikubise. Icyangombwa kimwe ningingo isabwa ntarengwa yo guhinduka. Ingano yakazi igena uburebure bwigitanda gisabwa na mashini. Nyamuneka menya ko uburebure ntarengwa bwo guhinduka butandukanye n'uburebure bw'igitanda. Kurugero, niba igice kigomba gutunganywa gifite santimetero 40 z'uburebure, uburiri buzakenera uburebure burebure kugirango buzenguruke neza uburebure bwuzuye bwigice.
Hanyuma, umubare wibice bigomba gutunganywa hamwe nukuri gusabwa nibintu byingenzi bigena imikorere nubwiza bwimashini. Imashini zitanga umusaruro mwinshi zisaba umuvuduko mwinshi X na Y, hamwe nihuta ryihuta. Imashini zifite kwihanganira gukomeye zagenewe kugenzura ubushyuhe bwumuriro mu mipira yumupira nibice byingenzi. Imiterere yimashini irashobora kandi gushirwaho kugirango igabanye imikurire yubushyuhe.
Shakisha byinshi mubijyanye no kugura ikigo gishya cyimashini usura "Igitabo cyo kugura ibikoresho byimashini" muri Centre yubumenyi ya Techspex.
Imashini yimashini ihindura umurimo ushobora kuba muto cyane mubakoresha imashini mubikorwa biremereye.
Amahugurwa azabera mu gace ka Cincinnati azashyiraho kimwe mu bigo binini by’igihugu bihinduranya kandi bihindure urusyo. Nubwo gushyiraho urufatiro rwiyi mashini nini ari umurimo utoroshye, isosiyete yubatse kandi urufatiro ku zindi “fondasiyo.”