Ni iyihe mimerere isanzwe ku isoko ry'ibicuruzwa mu nganda zicukura no gucukura imashini ziramba muri Aziya (2)

Binyuze mu iperereza ryakozwe ku bigo by’inganda, twamenye ko ibigo by’inganda biriho ubu muri rusange bihura n’ibibazo bikurikira:

Ubwa mbere, ikiguzi cy'imikorere kiri hejuru cyane. Urugero, igiciro cy'ibikoresho fatizo cyazamutse cyane, byatumye ikiguzi cyo kugura ibicuruzwa by'ibigo cyiyongera, ibyo bikaba byarateje igitutu gikomeye mu kugenzura ikiguzi cy'ibigo. By'umwihariko, igiciro cy'ibikoresho byakozwe mu buryo bwa castings cyazamutse kiva kuri yuan 6.000/toni cya mbere kigera kuri yuan 9.000/toni, ubwiyongere bwa hafi 50%; byagizweho ingaruka n'ibiciro by'umuringa, Igiciro cya moteri z'amashanyarazi cyazamutseho ibirenga 30%, kandi igiciro cyo kugurisha cyaragabanutse cyane bitewe n'irushanwa rikomeye ku isoko, bigatuma inyungu y'ibicuruzwa iba nke cyane, cyane cyane muri 2021. Gukora ibikoresho by'imashini bifite uruziga runaka. Igiciro cy'ibikoresho fatizo kizamuka cyane gituma ibigo bidashobora kwakira igitutu cy'ikiguzi. Mu gihe cy'igitutu kinini cy'igihe kirekire cyo kwishyura n'inyungu nyinshi z'inguzanyo, ibikorwa by'ibigo biri mu gitutu gikomeye. Muri icyo gihe,gukora ibikoresho by'imashiniInganda ni inganda zitunze ibintu byinshi. Inganda, ibikoresho n'ibindi bikoresho bihoraho bifite ishoramari rinini, kandi ubuso bw'ubutaka ni bunini, ibyo bikaba byongera igitutu cy'imari n'ikiguzi cy'imikorere y'ibigo ku rugero runaka; byongeye kandi, igihe cyo kugeza ibikoresho by'ingenzi bitumizwa mu mahanga ni kirekire cyane, kandi izamuka ry'ibiciro ni rinini, kandi imikorere imwe naUbuziranenge bwakorewe mu Bushinwa.
Icya kabiri ni ukubura impano zo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Ibigo bifite ingorane zimwe na zimwe mu gutangiza impano zo mu rwego rwo hejuru no kubaka amatsinda y’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere. Imiterere y’imyaka y’abakozi muri rusange irashaje, kandi hari ukubura impano nziza zo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Kubura impano mu buryo butaziguye bituma iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa rigenda buhoro, ndetse no kugorana guhindura no kuzamura ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi. Biragoye cyane ko ibigo byikemurira ikibazo cy’impano ubwabyo. Urugero, gufata amahugurwa mu kazi, ubufatanye hagati y’ishuri n’ibigo, no guhugura mu buryo bw’icyerekezo kugira ngo byihutishe gutangiza no guhugura impano bizafasha kunoza ubushobozi bw’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ibigo n’urwego rusange rw’abakozi.

Icya gatatu, ikoranabuhanga ry'ibanze rigomba kuvugururwa. Cyane cyane kuriimashini ya CNC igezwehoUbushakashatsi n'iterambere biragoye kandi imiterere y'umusaruro irasaba imbaraga nyinshi. Ibigo bigomba gukomeza kongera ishoramari mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere. Niba habonetse inkunga nyinshi za politiki n'inkunga y'imari, ubushakashatsi bw'ibanze mu ikoranabuhanga no guhindura no kuvugurura ibicuruzwa bizashyirwa muri sisitemu y'igihugu yo kuvugurura inganda.
Icya kane, isoko rigomba gutezwa imbere kurushaho. Igikenewe ku isoko cyose ku bicuruzwa bihari ni gito, bigatuma ikigo gitangira gukora neza muri rusange. Ni ngombwa kubyaza umusaruro ikirango, kongera kwamamaza, kwihutisha impinduka no kuvugurura, kandi icyarimwe tugakora akazi keza ko guteza imbere ibintu bitandukanye, kugira ngo twongere vuba ikigo kandi tumenye neza ko ikigo gihangana ku isoko mu buryo budasubirwaho.

Kuri ubu, icyorezo ku isi ntikiragenzurwa neza, ibidukikije byo hanze by’ibigo byarushijeho kuba ingorabahizi kandi bikomeye, kandi kutizerana kwariyongereye, bigatuma bigorana gusesengura neza uko isoko rihagaze. Ariko, hamwe no gukomeza kunoza urwego rwa tekiniki n’ubwiza bwa Ibicuruzwa bya CNC byo mu Bushinwa, hamwe n’uko ibipimo by’imikorere ya tekiniki y’ibicuruzwa bigenda bikura buhoro buhoro, bishingiye ku byiza byabyo nk’igiciro, ibikoresho by’imashini zicukura biracyari mu irushanwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga, kandi byitezwe ko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu 2022 bishobora kugumana uko biri ubu. Ariko, bitewe n’amakimbirane hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine, kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bimwe na bimwe byagabanutseho hafi 35%, kandi icyizere ntikiramenyekana neza.
Dukurikije ibintu bitandukanye byiza n'ibibi, byitezwe ko inganda zikora imashini zicukura kandi zikora imashini zitobora muri rusange zizakomeza gukora neza mu 2021 mu 2022. Ibipimo bishobora kuba bihindagurika cyangwa bigahinduka gato guhera mu 2021.